Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many thyroid diseases, such as non-toxic nodular goiter and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Nitric oxide synthases are responsible for the synthesis of nitric oxide from L-arginine. There are three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS): neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS). They have important functions in inflammation and vasoregulation but their role in thyroid diseases ...

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders caused by adenoma (80%), hyperplasia (15%) and carcinoma (5%). It is often difficult to differentiate between hyperplasia from an adenoma of a parathyroid gland. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess apoptotic index as a potentially useful in diagnosis.Methods: Apoptotic cells was investigated in the parathyroid specimens of 21patients (4M, 17F, average age o...

Introduction: Thyroid goiter may be present in different thyroid pathologies, such as non-toxic nodular goiter (NTNG) or Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT), as a result of focal hyperplasia of thyrocytes (nodal goiter) or generalized enlargement of thyroid (diffuse goiter). Previous studies have demonstrated that programmed cell death, known as apoptosis, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many thyroid diseases, especially inflammatory conditions.<p class="abste...

Introduction: Catalase is an enzyme, which functions in the detoxification of hydrogen peroxide, and is one of the most important antioxidant enzymes in humans. It is responsible for protecting the cell from oxidative damage by reactive oxygen species. Catalase promotes growth of cells including T-cells, B-cells, myeloid leukemia cells, melanoma cells, mastocytoma cells, and normal and transformed fibroblast cells. Nevertheless, the role of this enzyme in thyroid pathologies i...